[nfbwatlk] Fw: First Timers Guide to National Convention

Mike Freeman k7uij at panix.com
Tue Jun 12 22:47:03 CDT 2007


----- Original Message ----- 
From: REPCODDS at aol.com
To: nfbf-l at nfbnet.org
Sent: Tuesday, June 12, 2007 12:57 PM
Subject: [Nfbf-l] First Timers Guide to National Convention


>From Dwight Please Enjoy!

FIRST-TIMER'S GUIDE TO THE NATIONAL FEDERATION OF THE BLIND NATIONAL
CONVENTION
This guide is intended to give the first-time convention attendee some
important information about national conventions of the National 
Federation of  the
Blind (NFB). It is available on cassette, in Braille, in large print, 
and on
our Web site at www.nfb.org. Detailed information about specific 
conventions
may  be found in the Braille Monitor, the Voice of the Nation's Blind, 
on our
NFB Web  site, or in specific convention agendas. First-time attendees 
should
also plan  to attend the Rookie Round-up, usually held on day one of the
convention, also  referred to as set-up day. This gathering is 
specifically for
first-time  attendees such as yourself.
FROM THE PRESIDENT
"I am extremely pleased to welcome you to your very first national 
convention
 of the National Federation of the Blind. This information will help you
better  understand the unique role the national convention plays in the 
life of
our  Federation.
Your presence at convention is important! By your presence, you are a 
part of
 the largest gathering of blind people held anywhere in the world. The
Federation  needs your ideas and your voice, and you need the strength 
and knowledge
that  comes from common association and collective action. I hope you 
come to
feel the  power and unity of purpose this convention brings to those 
blind
persons who  choose to attend."
SOME BRIEF ORGANIZATIONAL HISTORY
The NFB was established in 1940. Representatives from seven states 
gathered
in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, for the founding convention. Those seven 
states
 were: California, Illinois, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, Pennsylvania, 
and
Wisconsin.
The founder and first President of the NFB was Dr. Jacobus tenBroek. Dr.
tenBroek had been mentored in his youth and taught about the importance 
of
self-organization of the blind by Dr. Newel Perry of the California 
School for  the
Blind. In the early part of the twentieth century, Dr. Perry himself had
organized the alumni of the California School for the Blind in order 
to-- as he
put it-- "escape defeatism and to achieve normal membership in society."
Dr. tenBroek spent most of his working life in Berkeley teaching at the
University of California. In his youth, however, he taught for a short 
time at
the University of Chicago School of Law, and he was teaching there at 
the time
he founded the NFB.
Today, the NFB has 52 state affiliates: one in each of the fifty states, 
plus
 the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico.
WHAT IS MEANT BY THE PHRASE "FEDERATION PHILOSOPHY"?
You will hear people discussing what they call "Federation Philosophy." 
What
they are referring to is the Federation's positive belief system about
blindness. The Federation came to know the simple truth many years ago 
that  blind
people are simply normal people who cannot see--we are not defective 
sighted
people. Blind people are as different as sighted people are; that is, we 
are
a cross-section of the broader society and, therefore, are not all alike 
as
some assume. Given proper training and opportunity, the average blind 
person
can  compete in all facets of society on an equal basis with the average 
sighted
 person. Blindness is a physical characteristic, and the limitations
resulting  from this normal characteristic can be overcome using 
alternative
techniques to  do without sight what an individual would do with sight 
if he or she had
it. It  is respectable to be blind, and, given proper training, 
blindness may
be reduced  to the level of a nuisance or inconvenience.
The real problem of blindness is not the loss of vision itself, but is
wrapped up in all of the public misunderstandings, misconceptions, and
superstitions about it. Because of these incorrect attitudes with their 
resulting
stereotypes, the blind have organized for the same reasons other 
minorities
have--to make positive social change through collective action.
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE NATIONAL CONVENTION?
The national convention is held once each year in a location chosen by 
the
President based upon successful negotiations for needed space. At this
convention, national officers and board members are elected by the 
general
membership, decisions concerning the organization are made, and policies 
are set  for
the following year or years.

To quote briefly from the NFB  Constitution (last revised in 1986):
"The Convention is the supreme authority of the Federation. It is the
legislature of the Federation. As such, it has final authority with 
respect to  all
issues of policy. Its decisions shall be made after opportunity has been
afforded for full and fair discussion. Delegates and members in 
attendance may
participate in all convention discussions as a matter of right. Any 
member of
the Federation may make or second motions, propose nominations, and 
serve on
committees; and is eligible for election to office except that only 
blind
members may be elected to the National Board."

The national convention  also has some very practical benefits for 
attendees.
Parents and teachers of  blind children can observe and meet successful 
role
models; expectations can be  raised; friendships can be made and 
renewed; the
latest adaptive technology for  the blind may be observed; tours of
interesting places may be taken; and hope  for the future may be 
kindled. The convention
is, in a sense, a large family  gathering, and has been described by one 
obs
erver as being analogous to an  annual meeting of the Scottish clans.
HOW BIG IS THE CONVENTION?
NFB national conventions have experienced enormous growth through the 
years.
There were sixteen representatives from the seven founding states at the 
1940
 meeting. Just two years later--at a 1942 Des Moines, Iowa, meeting--150
representatives from fifteen state affiliates were on hand. The 
convention first
recorded more than 1,000 attendees in 1971 in Houston, Texas. Attendance 
went
 over the 2,000 mark for the first time in 1988 in Chicago. By the 
convention
 held in New Orleans in 1997, registration topped more than 3,000 for 
the
first  time. Currently, between 3,000 and 3,500 attendees will be 
present.
WHAT CAN I EXPECT AT A NATIONAL CONVENTION?
THE SCHEDULE
NFB national conventions are seven-day events. Day one is set-up day,
parents' seminar, a national orientation and mobility conference, 
technology
seminars, and other special meetings and events. On day two, 
registration begins  in
the morning, and the Resolutions Committee meets in the afternoon. There 
are
also other special meetings which are noted in the Agenda. On day three, 
the
national board of directors meets in the morning (the meeting is open to 
all)
 and various committees, groups, and divisions meet in the afternoon and
evening.  Day four brings the opening of the formal convention, with the 
roll call
of  states in the morning, and the Presidential Report and other program
items in  the afternoon. There are also committee and divisional 
meetings on the
evening  of day four. On day five, the formal convention meets in the 
morning
only, and  the afternoon is reserved for tours. There are also other 
afternoon
and evening  committee and divisional meetings. Day six has three formal
sessions: morning,  afternoon, and the annual banquet in the evening. 
Day seven is
reserved for  internal Federation activities and adjourns promptly at 
5:00 PM.
If you hear someone say that "the convention is following the regular
schedule this year," they mean that the convention begins on Saturday 
and ends  on
Friday afternoon at 5:00.
THE PRESIDENTIAL REPORT
One of the major presentations each year is a report to the entire 
convention
 on the Federation's activities and progress during the previous year. 
All
attendees are urged to be present for this major event which is held on 
day
four.
TOUR DAY
For many convention attendees, this may be a rare opportunity to do some
sightseeing away from their homes. Therefore, for many years the 
afternoon of
day five has been reserved for tours in the convention city. Information 
about
tours is available in the Braille Monitor or from the host affiliate.
COMMITTEES, GROUPS, AND DIVISIONS
In addition to the four days of general convention sessions, many 
smaller
groups affiliated with the NFB hold their annual meetings at the time of 
the
National Convention. These are groups such as blind students, blind 
lawyers,
parents and teachers of blind children, blind secretaries, blind 
businessmen and
 women, blind teachers, blind guide-dog users, blind computer users and 
blind
 rehabilitation professionals. These meetings are open to all, and the
first-time  convention attendee should look at the Agenda to select 
those which
might be of  interest to him or her. Attendees are encouraged to attend 
more than
one  division meeting if they have interest in more than one area. Some 
of
these  committees or divisions collect dues, and some do not.
REGISTRATION
Registration starts on day two. All attendees are requested to register, 
and
the outstanding hotel group rates are not available to those who do not. 
In
addition, to be eligible for door prizes you must be registered. An 
official
badge is issued to each registrant and should be worn throughout 
convention
week. Banquet tickets for the banquet held on the sixth night of 
convention
week  are available for purchase when you register. Banquet tickets 
should be
purchased as early in the convention as possible and are not available 
for
purchase after the beginning of the morning session on day five.
The convention agenda is available at registration and is also available 
at a
 number of other locations at the convention site. The agenda is also
available  on the NFB Web site at www.nfb.org as soon as it is final. 
The agenda
gives  general information about the convention, hotel rates, and other 
hotel
information, and it shows the times and locations of the various 
meetings and
general sessions.
THE BANQUET TICKET EXCHANGE
All convention attendees are encouraged to attend the annual banquet on 
the
sixth night of convention week. When the convention and banquets were 
smaller,
 attendees simply went to the banquet hall, waited in line to enter, and
found a  seat once inside. Now, because more than 2,000 people will be 
present, a
system  for reserved seating has been developed. Purchase your banquet 
ticket
at the  time of registration, and your state president (or designee) 
will
collect  individual tickets and turn them in for assigned group seating, 
usually
with  others from that state affiliate.
STATE DELEGATIONS IN THE GENERAL SESSIONS
During the four days of general convention sessions, the meeting hall 
will be
 set up with flags indicating the location of each of the state 
affiliates.
The  number of seats per delegation is based upon the registration 
figures.
Generally, attendees sit in their own delegations. In this way, people 
can be
located easily if they are needed, and official voting delegates have 
the
membership at hand if they wish to poll the delegation on voting issues, 
or if
they wish to determine the consensus of their affiliate's 
representatives.

GENERAL SESSIONS
The general sessions consist of program items, reports, panel 
discussions,
elections, and official votes on policy issues. General convention 
sessions
customarily are chaired by the Federation President. Floor microphones 
are
available for comments and questions from the audience when time is 
available.
OFFICIAL VOTING
Often, on votes for elections, motions, or for the adoption of 
resolutions,
the President will call for voice votes. In such cases, it is usually 
clear
that  a vast majority has voted one way or another. However, if the 
outcome of a
 particular vote is not absolutely clear, then the President will ask 
for a
roll  call vote. In such cases, only official delegates of the state 
affiliates
may  vote.
In order to be as democratic as it can be in its decision-making, the
Federation has decided that each state affiliate will have one vote. At 
the  opening
general session, each affiliate names its official voting delegate--and 
an
alternate or alternates in the event that the official delegate is 
absent at
the time of a given vote. Then, when a roll call vote is taken, only the
official voting delegates may cast votes. Therefore, a maximum of 52 
official
votes may be cast. The secretary keeps the official tally and announces 
votes
once decisions have been made.
Some have asked why the Federation does not follow the "one man, one 
vote"
rule. The concern with this method is that a very few large state 
affiliates
could control the outcome on every issue. Therefore, the Federation has 
opted
to  have the kind of representation allowed in the United States 
Constitution
for  the U.S. Senate, wherein each state has equal representation.
ELECTIONS
The Federation has a national board consisting of President, First
Vice-President, Second Vice-President, Secretary, Treasurer, and twelve 
additional
board members, each of whom serve for terms of two years. The five
constitutional officers and six of the twelve board members are elected 
during  national
conventions in even-numbered years, and the remaining six board members 
are
elected at conventions during odd-numbered years.
At the roll call of states held on the morning of the first general 
session,
each affiliate designates its appointee to the Nominating Committee. The
President then designates one of these nominees to be Chairperson of the
Nominating Committee. This committee then holds a private meeting to 
come up  with
its slate of candidates. This meeting is closed to the general 
membership  so
that free and frank discussions may be held. Note: This is the only 
closed
Federation meeting at the national convention.
The actual elections are then held during a designated general session. 
The
candidate offered for each position by the Nominating Committee is first
placed  in nomination. The chairperson then calls for other nominations 
from the
floor.  In order to be completely open and democratic, the Federation 
has a
long-standing policy of calling for other nominations three times before 
a
motion to close nominations will be accepted by the chairperson. In this 
way, it
can never be alleged that a quick vote has been pushed through without 
time for
 other nominations.
It is also long-standing policy that an individual will not stand for
election unless he or she has agreed to run. This policy avoids the 
problem of
electing unwilling candidates.
NATIONAL SCHOLARSHIPS
The Federation has an outstanding college scholarship program; it awards
thirty national scholarships at each national convention, ranging in 
value from
$3,000 to $12,000. Applications close on March 31 of each year.
As many as 500 to 700 individuals apply each year. Each April, the
Scholarship Committee meets in Baltimore, evaluates the applicants, and 
offers
scholarships to the top thirty candidates. These thirty scholars are 
then  brought to
the national convention, all expenses paid. They spend each day with
designated mentors.
When the students arrive, they know that they are one of the select 
thirty.
It is not decided until a meeting of the Scholarship Committee a night 
or two
before the banquet who will receive which of the scholarships. The 
students,
of  course, are all winners; the only question is who will receive which 
one.
The  winner of the top scholarship is offered the opportunity to speak 
briefly
at the  banquet.
Previous winners may also apply again for the opportunity to become 
tenBroek
Fellows.
THE BANQUET
The annual banquet is the highlight of each convention. It is held on 
night
six of the convention week.
The banquet features national organizational recognitions, the 
scholarship
winners, and a major address by the national President. These banquets 
are
recorded, and copies of these recordings are distributed free of charge.
Dating back to the 1970s, each banquet attendee receives a special
commemorative mug. The mug usually has something to do with the city in 
which  the
meeting is being held. Additional mugs may be purchased later for a 
nominal  fee
so that attendees have full sets.
(The banquet ticket exchange to allow for reserved seating has been 
discussed
 above.)
EXHIBITS
There is a major exhibit area at each national convention. This gives
convention goers the opportunity to examine all of the latest adaptive 
technology,
to talk with officials from such agencies as the National Library 
Service for
the Blind and Physically Handicapped or the American Printing House  for 
the
Blind, to purchase items from exhibitors, or to select items available 
from
the National Federation of the Blind in Baltimore.
Exhibits generally are open throughout the entire week, but they are not 
open
 during any of the general convention sessions. The Federation's goal is 
to
have  all convention attendees in general sessions.
As with other areas of the convention, the growth in the number of 
exhibitors
 through the years has been gratifying. In Atlanta in 2004, the number 
of
exhibitors topped one hundred.
DOOR PRIZES
Significant door prizes are drawn throughout general convention sessions 
and
at the banquet. To be eligible to win, an attendee must be registered 
and
present at the meeting where the prize is drawn. Each morning session 
begins on
time with a drawing for a $100 bill. This practice encourages attendees 
to be
 present and on time. Similar drawings occur periodically throughout 
general
sessions and at the banquet. The grand prize drawn at the banquet is 
much
larger  than the others.
CONVENTION FUNDRAISING
Six different types of fundraising will be discussed during the 
convention.
These are:
1. The White Cane Fund: A time will be set aside during the Convention 
when
buckets will be passed through the audience to receive cash donations 
for the
White Cane Fund. Affiliates will also make gifts or pledges to this 
fund.
These  dollars go directly to the general treasury of the Federation.
2. The Jacobus tenBroek Fund: Donations will also be made to this fund 
for
the maintenance and upkeep of the National Center for the Blind 
property. This
property houses the operations of the National Federation of the Blind, 
and
other entities.
3. The Elegant Elephant Sale: Items are donated and then sold at a booth 
in
the exhibit hall. The proceeds from this sale go into the tenBroek Fund 
to
finance the National Center for the Blind.
4. The PAC Plan: Before the early 1970s, Federationists were encouraged 
to
make monthly contributions to support the programs and activities of the
Federation. However, this funding source was not reliable. When the 
concept of
having funds withdrawn directly from a checking account became popular 
in the
business world, a Federationist named E.U. Parker of Mississippi 
suggested that
the Federation establish a Pre-Authorized Check (PAC) Plan. In this way,
monthly  donations could be made on the day of the month and in the 
amount the
Federationist elected to give. It was believed that the PAC Plan would 
insure a
consistent flow of monthly income from Federation supporters, and the 
Plan
worked.
To sign up for the PAC Plan, the donor must have a checking account, 
complete
 a PAC Plan card, sign and turn over a voided check, and begin with a 
monthly
 donation of at least $5.00. Supporters of the Federation contribute 
between
$300,000 and $400,000 each year through this giving opportunity.
5. SUN Shares: Supporters of the Federation are also able to make either
monthly or annual donations for SUN Shares (Shares Unlimited in NFB). 
These
funds are being set aside in the event that they are needed to support 
the
Federation during difficult times.
6. The Imagination Fund: In January of 2004, the Federation held the 
grand
opening for its new training and research center in Baltimore. On the 
day of
the  grand opening, the NFB board named the new facility the National 
Federation
of  the Blind Jernigan Institute, named after our second president, Dr.
Kenneth  Jernigan. The Institute is now operating programs and services 
with the
goal of  continual expansion for years to come.
The Imagination Fund, an annual fundraising effort, has been established 
to
support the work of the Jernigan Institute and affiliate activities 
throughout
 the country. Members and friends of the organization are being asked to
participate in this annual campaign by making contributions, soliciting 
gifts
from friends and colleagues, and by providing names and addresses of 
individuals
 who may be receptive to Imagination Fund mailings. One half of the 
funds
which  are raised will be used to operate the Institute, one fourth will 
be
divided  equally among state affiliates, and the remaining one fourth 
will be set
aside  to fund specific local chapter or state affiliate projects.
RESOLUTIONS
NFB resolutions are the official policy statements of the organization, 
and
between twenty and thirty such policy statements are considered each 
year.
Anyone may offer a resolution. The customary method is to submit a 
proposed
resolution to the Chairman of the Resolutions Committee at least two 
weeks
before the convention. The Resolutions Committee--appointed by the
President--holds a public meeting on the afternoon of day two of the 
convention.  The
resolutions, which have been submitted to the committee chairperson, are 
then
considered one at a time.
After full discussion, the committee votes either to pass or not pass. 
If the
 committee passes a particular resolution, then it comes before the full
convention in general session for final action on the last (seventh) day 
of the
convention. This means that there may be six days in which to debate
contentious  issues and to try to politic for favorable votes before 
final convention
action  is taken.
If a resolution does not pass out of the committee, then this does not 
mean
that it is completely dead. In line with democratic principles, the 
presenter
of  the resolution has the option of trying to have the resolution 
considered
by the  full convention. If he or she is able to get five state 
affiliates to
request  that the resolution be heard, then it will be considered by the
entire  convention on the final meeting day.
Although it is somewhat rare, a resolution may also be brought to the 
full
convention through the national board of directors. A majority of the 
directors
 would have to support the resolution in order to bring it to the floor 
in
this  manner.
GUIDE DOG RELIEF AREA
In order to accommodate blind guide-dog users at the national 
convention,
arrangements are made each year to construct a special facility where 
the dogs
may be taken to relieve themselves. This special area is refreshed 
several
times  each day.
Representatives of the Guide Dog Committee are available to show 
first-time
convention goers where to take their animals and to assist in learning
individual clean-up practices. Dog users are expected to use these 
special
facilities rather than to permit their animals to relieve themselves in 
the  streets
or on other hotel property.
SERVICES FOR SPANISH SPEAKING INDIVIDUALS OR THE DEAF-BLIND
The entire convention is translated by volunteers for attendees who 
speak
Spanish. Small receivers are available to provide the audio 
transmission.
Small receivers are also available for the hearing impaired to receive 
direct
 transmissions from the public address system. For those who may be 
totally
deaf  and use the Teletouch machine for interpreting, volunteers are 
available
to  translate the convention.

WHO ATTENDS THE CONVENTION?
Attendees may be long-time convention goers, the newly blinded, parents 
and
teachers of blind children, blindness professionals who are interested 
in
becoming more knowledgeable about blindness, adaptive-technology 
providers, and
family members of people who are blind. Most attendees are from the 
United
States, although each year there are foreign visitors from as many as 
twenty
other countries.
A LIFE-CHANGING EXPERIENCE
For many, attendance at that very first convention has become a 
life-changing
 experience. Many learn for the very first time that it is respectable 
to be
blind; that carrying a cane is useful and is nothing to be ashamed of; 
that
Braille is a valuable tool after all; and that much progress is being 
made in
adaptive technology. Attendees also learn that they are not alone, that 
there
 are others who are facing the same problems they are, and that an 
active and
 normal life is possible. Some learn for the first time that there are
orientation and adjustment centers where blind people can be sent by 
their
rehabilitation counselors to learn the skills of blindness and the 
positive
attitudes which lead to personal empowerment.
THE PRESIDENT'S WRAP-UP
"I hope this information has been helpful to you and that it has given 
you a
sense of the significant role the national convention plays in the life 
of
the  National Federation of the Blind. I also hope your interest has 
been piqued
and  that you will continue to be an active member of our movement via 
your
local  chapter and state affiliate. Let this convention experience mark 
the
first of  many others in your life. We need your voice and your talents. 
Working
together,  we can continue to make a difference in the lives of blind 
people
everywhere. We  can change what it means to be blind."

____________________________________
Email: _webmaster at nfb.org _ (mailto:webmaster at nfb.org)
Posted:  May 16, 2005



************************************** See what's free at 
http://www.aol.com.



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


_______________________________________________
Nfbf-l mailing list
Nfbf-l at nfbnet.org
http://www.nfbnet.org/mailman/listinfo/nfbf-l
-------------- next part --------------
----- Original Message -----
From:
mailto:REPCODDS at aol.com REPCODDS at aol.com
To:
mailto:nfbf-l at nfbnet.org nfbf-l at nfbnet.org
Sent:
Tuesday, June 12, 2007 12:57 PM
Subject:
[Nfbf-l] First Timers Guide to National Convention
>From Dwight Please Enjoy!
FIRST-TIMER'S GUIDE TO THE NATIONAL FEDERATION OF THE BLIND NATIONAL 
CONVENTION
This guide is intended to give the first-time convention attendee some 
important information about national conventions of the National Federation of  the
Blind (NFB). It is available on cassette, in Braille, in large print, and on 
our Web site at http://www.nfb.org www.nfb.org
. Detailed information about specific conventions
may  be found in the Braille Monitor, the Voice of the Nation's Blind, on our
NFB Web  site, or in specific convention agendas. First-time attendees should
also plan  to attend the Rookie Round-up, usually held on day one of the
convention, also  referred to as set-up day. This gathering is specifically for
first-time  attendees such as yourself. 
FROM THE PRESIDENT
"I am extremely pleased to welcome you to your very first national convention
 of the National Federation of the Blind. This information will help you
better  understand the unique role the national convention plays in the life of
our  Federation.
Your presence at convention is important! By your presence, you are a part of
 the largest gathering of blind people held anywhere in the world. The
Federation  needs your ideas and your voice, and you need the strength and knowledge
that  comes from common association and collective action. I hope you come to
feel the  power and unity of purpose this convention brings to those blind
persons who  choose to attend." 
SOME BRIEF ORGANIZATIONAL HISTORY
The NFB was established in 1940. Representatives from seven states gathered 
in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, for the founding convention. Those seven states
 were: California, Illinois, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and 
Wisconsin.
The founder and first President of the NFB was Dr. Jacobus tenBroek. Dr. 
tenBroek had been mentored in his youth and taught about the importance of 
self-organization of the blind by Dr. Newel Perry of the California School for  the
Blind. In the early part of the twentieth century, Dr. Perry himself had 
organized the alumni of the California School for the Blind in order to-- as he 
put it-- "escape defeatism and to achieve normal membership in society."
Dr. tenBroek spent most of his working life in Berkeley teaching at the 
University of California. In his youth, however, he taught for a short time at 
the University of Chicago School of Law, and he was teaching there at the time 
he founded the NFB. 
Today, the NFB has 52 state affiliates: one in each of the fifty states, plus
 the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico.
WHAT IS MEANT BY THE PHRASE "FEDERATION PHILOSOPHY"?
You will hear people discussing what they call "Federation Philosophy." What 
they are referring to is the Federation's positive belief system about 
blindness. The Federation came to know the simple truth many years ago that  blind
people are simply normal people who cannot see--we are not defective  sighted
people. Blind people are as different as sighted people are; that is, we  are
a cross-section of the broader society and, therefore, are not all alike as 
some assume. Given proper training and opportunity, the average blind person
can  compete in all facets of society on an equal basis with the average sighted
 person. Blindness is a physical characteristic, and the limitations
resulting  from this normal characteristic can be overcome using alternative
techniques to  do without sight what an individual would do with sight if he or she had
it. It  is respectable to be blind, and, given proper training, blindness may
be reduced  to the level of a nuisance or inconvenience.
The real problem of blindness is not the loss of vision itself, but is 
wrapped up in all of the public misunderstandings, misconceptions, and 
superstitions about it. Because of these incorrect attitudes with their  resulting
stereotypes, the blind have organized for the same reasons other  minorities
have--to make positive social change through collective action.
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE NATIONAL CONVENTION?
The national convention is held once each year in a location chosen by the 
President based upon successful negotiations for needed space. At this 
convention, national officers and board members are elected by the general 
membership, decisions concerning the organization are made, and policies are set  for
the following year or years.
To quote briefly from the NFB  Constitution (last revised in 1986):
"The Convention is the supreme authority of the Federation. It is the 
legislature of the Federation. As such, it has final authority with respect to  all
issues of policy. Its decisions shall be made after opportunity has been 
afforded for full and fair discussion. Delegates and members in attendance may 
participate in all convention discussions as a matter of right. Any member of 
the Federation may make or second motions, propose nominations, and serve on 
committees; and is eligible for election to office except that only blind 
members may be elected to the National Board."
The national convention  also has some very practical benefits for attendees.
Parents and teachers of  blind children can observe and meet successful role
models; expectations can be  raised; friendships can be made and renewed; the
latest adaptive technology for  the blind may be observed; tours of
interesting places may be taken; and hope  for the future may be kindled. The convention
is, in a sense, a large family  gathering, and has been described by one obs
erver as being analogous to an  annual meeting of the Scottish clans.
HOW BIG IS THE CONVENTION?
NFB national conventions have experienced enormous growth through the years. 
There were sixteen representatives from the seven founding states at the 1940
 meeting. Just two years later--at a 1942 Des Moines, Iowa, meeting--150 
representatives from fifteen state affiliates were on hand. The convention first 
recorded more than 1,000 attendees in 1971 in Houston, Texas. Attendance went
 over the 2,000 mark for the first time in 1988 in Chicago. By the convention
 held in New Orleans in 1997, registration topped more than 3,000 for the
first  time. Currently, between 3,000 and 3,500 attendees will be present. 
WHAT CAN I EXPECT AT A NATIONAL CONVENTION?
THE SCHEDULE
NFB national conventions are seven-day events. Day one is set-up day, 
parents' seminar, a national orientation and mobility conference, technology 
seminars, and other special meetings and events. On day two, registration begins  in
the morning, and the Resolutions Committee meets in the afternoon. There are 
also other special meetings which are noted in the Agenda. On day three, the 
national board of directors meets in the morning (the meeting is open to all)
 and various committees, groups, and divisions meet in the afternoon and
evening.  Day four brings the opening of the formal convention, with the roll call
of  states in the morning, and the Presidential Report and other program
items in  the afternoon. There are also committee and divisional meetings on the
evening  of day four. On day five, the formal convention meets in the morning
only, and  the afternoon is reserved for tours. There are also other afternoon
and evening  committee and divisional meetings. Day six has three formal
sessions: morning,  afternoon, and the annual banquet in the evening. Day seven is
reserved for  internal Federation activities and adjourns promptly at 5:00 PM.
If you hear someone say that "the convention is following the regular 
schedule this year," they mean that the convention begins on Saturday and ends  on
Friday afternoon at 5:00.
THE PRESIDENTIAL REPORT
One of the major presentations each year is a report to the entire convention
 on the Federation's activities and progress during the previous year. All 
attendees are urged to be present for this major event which is held on day 
four.
TOUR DAY
For many convention attendees, this may be a rare opportunity to do some 
sightseeing away from their homes. Therefore, for many years the afternoon of 
day five has been reserved for tours in the convention city. Information about 
tours is available in the Braille Monitor or from the host affiliate.
COMMITTEES, GROUPS, AND DIVISIONS
In addition to the four days of general convention sessions, many smaller 
groups affiliated with the NFB hold their annual meetings at the time of the 
National Convention. These are groups such as blind students, blind lawyers, 
parents and teachers of blind children, blind secretaries, blind businessmen and
 women, blind teachers, blind guide-dog users, blind computer users and blind
 rehabilitation professionals. These meetings are open to all, and the
first-time  convention attendee should look at the Agenda to select those which
might be of  interest to him or her. Attendees are encouraged to attend more than
one  division meeting if they have interest in more than one area. Some of
these  committees or divisions collect dues, and some do not.
REGISTRATION
Registration starts on day two. All attendees are requested to register, and 
the outstanding hotel group rates are not available to those who do not. In 
addition, to be eligible for door prizes you must be registered. An official 
badge is issued to each registrant and should be worn throughout convention 
week. Banquet tickets for the banquet held on the sixth night of convention
week  are available for purchase when you register. Banquet tickets should be 
purchased as early in the convention as possible and are not available for 
purchase after the beginning of the morning session on day five. 
The convention agenda is available at registration and is also available at a
 number of other locations at the convention site. The agenda is also
available  on the NFB Web site at http://www.nfb.org www.nfb.org
as soon as it is final. The agenda
gives  general information about the convention, hotel rates, and other hotel 
information, and it shows the times and locations of the various meetings and 
general sessions. 
THE BANQUET TICKET EXCHANGE
All convention attendees are encouraged to attend the annual banquet on the 
sixth night of convention week. When the convention and banquets were smaller,
 attendees simply went to the banquet hall, waited in line to enter, and
found a  seat once inside. Now, because more than 2,000 people will be present, a
system  for reserved seating has been developed. Purchase your banquet ticket
at the  time of registration, and your state president (or designee) will
collect  individual tickets and turn them in for assigned group seating, usually
with  others from that state affiliate.
STATE DELEGATIONS IN THE GENERAL SESSIONS
During the four days of general convention sessions, the meeting hall will be
 set up with flags indicating the location of each of the state affiliates.
The  number of seats per delegation is based upon the registration figures. 
Generally, attendees sit in their own delegations. In this way, people can be 
located easily if they are needed, and official voting delegates have the 
membership at hand if they wish to poll the delegation on voting issues, or if 
they wish to determine the consensus of their affiliate's representatives.
GENERAL SESSIONS
The general sessions consist of program items, reports, panel discussions, 
elections, and official votes on policy issues. General convention sessions 
customarily are chaired by the Federation President. Floor microphones are 
available for comments and questions from the audience when time is  available.
OFFICIAL VOTING
Often, on votes for elections, motions, or for the adoption of resolutions, 
the President will call for voice votes. In such cases, it is usually clear
that  a vast majority has voted one way or another. However, if the outcome of a
 particular vote is not absolutely clear, then the President will ask for a
roll  call vote. In such cases, only official delegates of the state affiliates
may  vote.
In order to be as democratic as it can be in its decision-making, the 
Federation has decided that each state affiliate will have one vote. At the  opening
general session, each affiliate names its official voting delegate--and  an
alternate or alternates in the event that the official delegate is absent at 
the time of a given vote. Then, when a roll call vote is taken, only the 
official voting delegates may cast votes. Therefore, a maximum of 52 official 
votes may be cast. The secretary keeps the official tally and announces votes 
once decisions have been made.
Some have asked why the Federation does not follow the "one man, one vote" 
rule. The concern with this method is that a very few large state affiliates 
could control the outcome on every issue. Therefore, the Federation has opted
to  have the kind of representation allowed in the United States Constitution
for  the U.S. Senate, wherein each state has equal representation.
ELECTIONS
The Federation has a national board consisting of President, First 
Vice-President, Second Vice-President, Secretary, Treasurer, and twelve  additional
board members, each of whom serve for terms of two years. The five 
constitutional officers and six of the twelve board members are elected during  national
conventions in even-numbered years, and the remaining six board members  are
elected at conventions during odd-numbered years.
At the roll call of states held on the morning of the first general session, 
each affiliate designates its appointee to the Nominating Committee. The 
President then designates one of these nominees to be Chairperson of the 
Nominating Committee. This committee then holds a private meeting to come up  with
its slate of candidates. This meeting is closed to the general membership  so
that free and frank discussions may be held. Note: This is the only closed 
Federation meeting at the national convention.
The actual elections are then held during a designated general session. The 
candidate offered for each position by the Nominating Committee is first
placed  in nomination. The chairperson then calls for other nominations from the
floor.  In order to be completely open and democratic, the Federation has a 
long-standing policy of calling for other nominations three times before a 
motion to close nominations will be accepted by the chairperson. In this way, it 
can never be alleged that a quick vote has been pushed through without time for
 other nominations.
It is also long-standing policy that an individual will not stand for 
election unless he or she has agreed to run. This policy avoids the problem of 
electing unwilling candidates.
NATIONAL SCHOLARSHIPS
The Federation has an outstanding college scholarship program; it awards 
thirty national scholarships at each national convention, ranging in value from 
$3,000 to $12,000. Applications close on March 31 of each year.
As many as 500 to 700 individuals apply each year. Each April, the 
Scholarship Committee meets in Baltimore, evaluates the applicants, and offers 
scholarships to the top thirty candidates. These thirty scholars are then  brought to
the national convention, all expenses paid. They spend each day with 
designated mentors.
When the students arrive, they know that they are one of the select thirty. 
It is not decided until a meeting of the Scholarship Committee a night or two 
before the banquet who will receive which of the scholarships. The students,
of  course, are all winners; the only question is who will receive which one.
The  winner of the top scholarship is offered the opportunity to speak briefly
at the  banquet.
Previous winners may also apply again for the opportunity to become tenBroek 
Fellows.
THE BANQUET
The annual banquet is the highlight of each convention. It is held on night 
six of the convention week.
The banquet features national organizational recognitions, the scholarship 
winners, and a major address by the national President. These banquets are 
recorded, and copies of these recordings are distributed free of charge.
Dating back to the 1970s, each banquet attendee receives a special 
commemorative mug. The mug usually has something to do with the city in which  the
meeting is being held. Additional mugs may be purchased later for a nominal  fee
so that attendees have full sets.
(The banquet ticket exchange to allow for reserved seating has been discussed
 above.)
EXHIBITS
There is a major exhibit area at each national convention. This gives 
convention goers the opportunity to examine all of the latest adaptive  technology,
to talk with officials from such agencies as the National Library  Service for
the Blind and Physically Handicapped or the American Printing House  for the
Blind, to purchase items from exhibitors, or to select items available  from
the National Federation of the Blind in Baltimore.
Exhibits generally are open throughout the entire week, but they are not open
 during any of the general convention sessions. The Federation's goal is to
have  all convention attendees in general sessions.
As with other areas of the convention, the growth in the number of exhibitors
 through the years has been gratifying. In Atlanta in 2004, the number of 
exhibitors topped one hundred. 
DOOR PRIZES
Significant door prizes are drawn throughout general convention sessions and 
at the banquet. To be eligible to win, an attendee must be registered and 
present at the meeting where the prize is drawn. Each morning session begins on 
time with a drawing for a $100 bill. This practice encourages attendees to be
 present and on time. Similar drawings occur periodically throughout general 
sessions and at the banquet. The grand prize drawn at the banquet is much
larger  than the others.
CONVENTION FUNDRAISING
Six different types of fundraising will be discussed during the convention. 
These are:
1. The White Cane Fund: A time will be set aside during the Convention when 
buckets will be passed through the audience to receive cash donations for the 
White Cane Fund. Affiliates will also make gifts or pledges to this fund.
These  dollars go directly to the general treasury of the Federation.
2. The Jacobus tenBroek Fund: Donations will also be made to this fund for 
the maintenance and upkeep of the National Center for the Blind property. This 
property houses the operations of the National Federation of the Blind, and 
other entities.
3. The Elegant Elephant Sale: Items are donated and then sold at a booth in 
the exhibit hall. The proceeds from this sale go into the tenBroek Fund to 
finance the National Center for the Blind.
4. The PAC Plan: Before the early 1970s, Federationists were encouraged to 
make monthly contributions to support the programs and activities of the 
Federation. However, this funding source was not reliable. When the concept of 
having funds withdrawn directly from a checking account became popular in the 
business world, a Federationist named E.U. Parker of Mississippi suggested that 
the Federation establish a Pre-Authorized Check (PAC) Plan. In this way,
monthly  donations could be made on the day of the month and in the amount the 
Federationist elected to give. It was believed that the PAC Plan would insure a 
consistent flow of monthly income from Federation supporters, and the Plan 
worked.
To sign up for the PAC Plan, the donor must have a checking account, complete
 a PAC Plan card, sign and turn over a voided check, and begin with a monthly
 donation of at least $5.00. Supporters of the Federation contribute between 
$300,000 and $400,000 each year through this giving opportunity.
5. SUN Shares: Supporters of the Federation are also able to make either 
monthly or annual donations for SUN Shares (Shares Unlimited in NFB). These 
funds are being set aside in the event that they are needed to support the 
Federation during difficult times.
6. The Imagination Fund: In January of 2004, the Federation held the grand 
opening for its new training and research center in Baltimore. On the day of
the  grand opening, the NFB board named the new facility the National Federation
of  the Blind Jernigan Institute, named after our second president, Dr.
Kenneth  Jernigan. The Institute is now operating programs and services with the
goal of  continual expansion for years to come.
The Imagination Fund, an annual fundraising effort, has been established to 
support the work of the Jernigan Institute and affiliate activities throughout
 the country. Members and friends of the organization are being asked to 
participate in this annual campaign by making contributions, soliciting gifts 
from friends and colleagues, and by providing names and addresses of individuals
 who may be receptive to Imagination Fund mailings. One half of the funds
which  are raised will be used to operate the Institute, one fourth will be
divided  equally among state affiliates, and the remaining one fourth will be set
aside  to fund specific local chapter or state affiliate projects.
RESOLUTIONS
NFB resolutions are the official policy statements of the organization, and 
between twenty and thirty such policy statements are considered each year. 
Anyone may offer a resolution. The customary method is to submit a proposed 
resolution to the Chairman of the Resolutions Committee at least two weeks 
before the convention. The Resolutions Committee--appointed by the 
President--holds a public meeting on the afternoon of day two of the convention.  The
resolutions, which have been submitted to the committee chairperson, are  then
considered one at a time.
After full discussion, the committee votes either to pass or not pass. If the
 committee passes a particular resolution, then it comes before the full 
convention in general session for final action on the last (seventh) day of the 
convention. This means that there may be six days in which to debate
contentious  issues and to try to politic for favorable votes before final convention
action  is taken.
If a resolution does not pass out of the committee, then this does not mean 
that it is completely dead. In line with democratic principles, the presenter
of  the resolution has the option of trying to have the resolution considered
by the  full convention. If he or she is able to get five state affiliates to
request  that the resolution be heard, then it will be considered by the
entire  convention on the final meeting day.
Although it is somewhat rare, a resolution may also be brought to the full 
convention through the national board of directors. A majority of the directors
 would have to support the resolution in order to bring it to the floor in
this  manner.
GUIDE DOG RELIEF AREA
In order to accommodate blind guide-dog users at the national convention, 
arrangements are made each year to construct a special facility where the dogs 
may be taken to relieve themselves. This special area is refreshed several
times  each day.
Representatives of the Guide Dog Committee are available to show first-time 
convention goers where to take their animals and to assist in learning 
individual clean-up practices. Dog users are expected to use these special 
facilities rather than to permit their animals to relieve themselves in the  streets
or on other hotel property.
SERVICES FOR SPANISH SPEAKING INDIVIDUALS OR THE DEAF-BLIND
The entire convention is translated by volunteers for attendees who speak 
Spanish. Small receivers are available to provide the audio transmission.
Small receivers are also available for the hearing impaired to receive direct
 transmissions from the public address system. For those who may be totally
deaf  and use the Teletouch machine for interpreting, volunteers are available
to  translate the convention.
WHO ATTENDS THE CONVENTION?
Attendees may be long-time convention goers, the newly blinded, parents and 
teachers of blind children, blindness professionals who are interested in 
becoming more knowledgeable about blindness, adaptive-technology providers, and 
family members of people who are blind. Most attendees are from the United 
States, although each year there are foreign visitors from as many as twenty 
other countries.
A LIFE-CHANGING EXPERIENCE
For many, attendance at that very first convention has become a life-changing
 experience. Many learn for the very first time that it is respectable to be 
blind; that carrying a cane is useful and is nothing to be ashamed of; that 
Braille is a valuable tool after all; and that much progress is being made in 
adaptive technology. Attendees also learn that they are not alone, that there
 are others who are facing the same problems they are, and that an active and
 normal life is possible. Some learn for the first time that there are 
orientation and adjustment centers where blind people can be sent by their 
rehabilitation counselors to learn the skills of blindness and the positive 
attitudes which lead to personal empowerment.
THE PRESIDENT'S WRAP-UP
"I hope this information has been helpful to you and that it has given you a 
sense of the significant role the national convention plays in the life of
the  National Federation of the Blind. I also hope your interest has been piqued
and  that you will continue to be an active member of our movement via your
local  chapter and state affiliate. Let this convention experience mark the
first of  many others in your life. We need your voice and your talents. Working
together,  we can continue to make a difference in the lives of blind people
everywhere. We  can change what it means to be blind."
 
____________________________________
Email: mailto:_webmaster at nfb.org _webmaster at nfb.org
_ ( mailto:webmaster at nfb.org mailto:webmaster at nfb.org
)
Posted:  May 16, 2005
************************************** See what's free at http://www.aol.com http://www.aol.com
.
_______________________________________________
Nfbf-l mailing list
mailto:Nfbf-l at nfbnet.org Nfbf-l at nfbnet.org
http://www.nfbnet.org/mailman/listinfo/nfbf-l http://www.nfbnet.org/mailman/listinfo/nfbf-l


More information about the nfbwatlk mailing list